In the current work, A series of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/TiO2/boron nanocomposites (CS/P/Ti-B) were prepared and their activity in the photocatalytic removal of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen (IBP)) were evaluated for the first time. The nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG). TGA thermograms showed the enhanced thermal stability of nanocomposites with increasing Ti-B content. In the photocatalytic experiments, the effects of Ti-B content, catalyst dosage and initial concentration were discussed and a suitable photodegradation process for enhanced removal was proposed. The photocatalytic removal of IBP increased with increasing Ti-B ratio and the kinetic rate constant of Ti-B increased from 4.516 × 10−2 min-1 (for raw Ti-B) to 5.346 × 10−2 min-1 (for CS/P/Ti-B/1). This increment could be attributed to the decreased recombination rate of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs.