Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the leptin levels in newborns born to vitamin D deficient mothers (serum concentration of 25(OH) D was less than 20 ng/mL). Material and Method: Forty infants (22 infants born to vitamin D deficient mothers and age-matched 18 infants born to mothers with vitamin D sufficient) were enrolled the study. We measured 25(OH) D, calcium, phosphorus, parathormone, leptin, in each groups. Anthropometric data recorded for the newborns. Results: The mean vitamin D concentration of vitamin D deficient mothers was 8.7 +/- 3.4 ng/mL and vitamin D sufficient group was 26.7 +/- 4.0 ng/mL (p<0.001). There was no a significant difference between vitamin D deficient and sufficient mothers (p:0.299). Leptin levels of the newborns born to vitamin D deficient mothers lower than the sufficient mother group (0.83 +/- 0.6 vs. 2.7 +/- 5.2 pg/mL, p: 0.003). Discussion: Based on the findings of this study, we found lower leptin levels in infants born to vitamin D deficient mothers, however; this was no effect on neonatal anthropometric data.