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In this study, the side effects of some insect growth regulators, microbial and bioinsecticides against predator mites Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) were studied. Three microbial insecticides (Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana ve Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV), one botanical insecticide (azadirachtin), and ten insect growth regulators (methoxyfenozide, diflubenzuron, novaluron, buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, chlorfluazuron, lufenuron, lufenuron+fenoxycarb, flufenoxuron, hexythiazox) were used. Direct and residual assays were used to determine acute effects and mortality ratio was determined after 72 hours. In addition, the lifespan, pre-oviposition and oviposition periods, the mean number of eggs of predatory mite females which were grown from larvae exposed to direct pesticides application and the hatching ratio of their eggs were determined. The acute effect of all used pesticides on both predatory mites is below 30 %. Regarding the long-term effects, CpGV and azadirachtin did not affect lifespan of N. californicus. Also all of the other pesticides were significantly decreased the lifespan of N. californicus. All used pesticides have significantly decreased the lifespan of P. persimilis compared to control group. The fecundity of individuals of N. californicus and of P. persimilis decreased to varying degrees according to used pesticide. Oviposition period of N. californicus was not affected by CpGV and azadirachtin. The other pesticides decreased the oviposition period of N. californicus. All pesticides affected the oviposition period of P. persimilis equally and resulted in decreased oviposition period of P. persimilis. |
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