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This study focused on phytochemical characterization and biological evaluation, both antioxidant and enzymatic inhibition, of ethyl acetate (OTT-EtOAc), methanol (OTT-MeOH), and water (OTT-W) extracts from Onosma tauricum var. tauricum aerial parts. The OTT-W extract was found to be the richest one in terms of its phenolic and flavonoid contents. Amounts of the phenolic and flavonoid compounds were determined as 40.88 mu mol GAEs/g and 7.40 mu mol REs/g dry plant (dp), respectively. The OTT-MeOH and OTT-W extracts were also found to contain significant amounts of chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, trans-cinnamic acid, luteolin, and apigenin. The OTT-W extract showed remarkable antioxidant activity in phosphomolybdenum, ferrous ion chelating, reducing power, and radical scavenging assays. The OTT-MeOH extract exhibited inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (54.62 mu mol GALAEs/g dp), while the extracts remained almost inactive on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The OTT-W extract also exhibited inhibitory activity on tyrosinase (90.66 mu mol KAEs/g dp) and alpha-glucosidase (2258.87 mu mol ACEs/g dp). The results suggest that especially the OTT-MeOH and OTT-W extracts can be used as a source of alternative natural products in the treatment of diseases caused by the enzymes evaluated here. |
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