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The Effect of Geopolitical Risk Index on Military Expenditures

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dc.creator BUZDAĞLI, Özge; ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ
dc.creator ÖZDEMİR, Dilek; ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ
dc.date 2021-02-20T00:00:00Z
dc.date.accessioned 2021-12-03T11:27:36Z
dc.date.available 2021-12-03T11:27:36Z
dc.identifier https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/vizyoner/issue/60146/761633
dc.identifier 10.21076/vizyoner.761633
dc.identifier.uri http://acikerisim.sdu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/123456789/91734
dc.description The aim of the study is to examine the effect of geopolitical risk index (GPR) on the military expenditures. Panel analysis method is applied by using the data of 1993-2018 period for 17 developing countries where GPR is calculated. The military expenditures are considered as the dependent variable and GPR index as an independent variable. As control variables, exports, imports and GDP per capita are taken. After determining the existence of long-term relationships between variables with Westerlund (2007) cointegration test, long-term coefficients are estimated with the panel AMG estimator. Following the estimation results, it is observed that GPR and GDP per capita have a positive effect on military expenditures. In addition, it is determined that exports affect military expenditures negatively, while imports are not found to have a statistically significant effect on military expenditures. For the short-term analysis, the causality test developed by Emirmahmutoğlu and Köse (2011) is applied and a two-way causality relationship between military expenditures and the geopolitical risk index and per capita GDP is determined. However, no causal relationship is found between exports, imports and military expenditures.
dc.description Çalışmada jeopolitik risk endeksinin (GPR), askeri harcamalar üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. GPR’nin hesaplandığı 17 gelişmekte olan ülkeye ait 1993-2018 dönemi verilerinden yararlanılarak panel analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Askeri harcamalar bağımlı değişken, GPR endeksi ise bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Kontrol değişkenler olarak da ihracat, ithalat ve kişi başı GSYH’ye yer verilmiştir. Westerlund (2007) eşbütünleşme testiyle değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığı saptandıktan sonra panel AMG tahmincisiyle uzun dönem katsayıları tahmin edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarında jeopolitik risk endeksindeki ve kişi başı gelirdeki artışların ülkelerin askeri harcamalarını arttırdığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca ihracattaki artışların da askeri harcamalarda azalışa neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İthalatın ise askeri harcamalar üzerinde istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir etkisi bulunamamıştır. Kısa dönem analizi için Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse (2011) tarafından geliştirilen nedensellik testi uygulanmış ve askeri harcamalar ile jeopolitik risk endeksi ve kişi başına GSYH arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ancak ihracat ve ithalat ile askeri harcamalar arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanılmamıştır. 
dc.format application/pdf
dc.language tr
dc.publisher Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi
dc.publisher Süleyman Demirel University
dc.relation https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1180866
dc.source Volume: 12, Issue: 29 188-203 en-US
dc.source 1308-9552
dc.source Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi
dc.subject Geopolitical Risk Index,Military Expenditures,Panel Data Analysis
dc.subject Jeopolitik Risk Endeksi,Askeri Harcamalar,Panel Veri Analizi
dc.title The Effect of Geopolitical Risk Index on Military Expenditures en-US
dc.title Jeopolitik Risk Endeksinin Askeri Harcamalar Üzerindeki Etkisi tr-TR
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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