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Transgressive sequences of Campanian-Maastrichtian Stages in Turkey generally begin with medium- to coarse-grained clastics and continue with shallow marine limestones, reefal limestones and then open marine rhythmic fine-grained clastics. These mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sequences are observed on three main platforms known as Rhodope-Pontide (RPP), Anatolide-Tauride (ATP) and Arabian (AP). New species of the rudist genera Gorjanovicia, Radiolites, Sauvagesia, Durania and Sabinia are observed on the RPP. Yvaniella and Ugarella are only found on this platform. Orbitoides gruenbachensis Papp is the most abundant species of benthic foraminifera on the RPP. Cideina soezerii (Sirel), Dizerina anatolica Meric, Helicorbitoides boluensis Sirel, Ilgazina unilateralis Erdogan, Nummofallotia kastamonica Ozgen-Erdem, Selimina spinalis Inan, Sirelina orduensis Meric and Inan, Smoutina cruysi Drooger are also observed on this platform. Rudist and benthic foraminifera on the ATP have both high diversity and abundance in comparison with RPP and AP faunas. Genus and species diversity of the rudist fauna is quite high: 17 genera and 36 species are described. New rudist genera such as Darendeella, Kurtinia and Balabania and many new species of Radiolitidae and Hippuritidae may be restricted to this platform. Characteristic larger benthic foraminifera contain 18 genera and 37 species. Among benthic foraminifera Loftusia ketini Meric, L. turcica Meric and Avsar, Postomphalocyclus merici Inan and Pseudoedomia hekimhanensis Gormus are also likely restricted to this platform. Rudist diversity on the AP is poor. Four endemic genera (Vautrinia, Dictyoptychus, Paracaprinula and Hatayia) and two species (Hippurites syriaca Vautrin, Pironaea syriaca Vautrin) characterize the fauna on this platform. Loftusia diversity and abundance among the benthic foraminifera is quite high. Arnaudella grossouvreii Douville, Discyclina schlumbergeri Munier-Chalmas, Loftusia harrisoni Cox, L. elongata Cox, L. matsumaruii Meric and Gormus and Pseudorbitolina marthae Douville are only documented from southeastern Anatolia. Biogeographic distributions of rudist and benthic foraminifera show different faunal associations on the three main platforms (RPP, ATP and AP). Our data from both rudist and benthic foraminifera indicate that different faunal associations and existence of restricted genera and species may be associated with a deep marine barrier to circulation during the Campanian-Maastrichtian. Southern and northern branches of the Neotethyan Ocean are considered to be barriers in preventing migration of the species. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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