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<p>Ahl al-Hadith is the given name to people who adopt a narration-centered approach to</p><p>religious matters in Islam. Hanbalism is one of the Sunni/creed/fiqh sects evaluating the</p><p>issues of faith with a literal approach, and it was formed under the leadership of Ahmad b.</p><p>Hanbal (d. 241/855). Abu Bakr al-Khallal (d. 311/923), one of the Ahl al-Hadith, had</p><p>succeeded in having the scientific legacy left by Ahmed b. Hanbal and also succeeded in</p><p>developing it. In the following periods, he was referred to as "the person who made</p><p>Hanbalism a systematic sect". During the institutionalization of the sect, Abu Bakr al-Khallal</p><p>made a significant contribution to the formation of the sect's theological infrastructure with</p><p>the works he produced as well as the students he trained and ensured that the Hanbali sect</p><p>survived in this form until today. Abu Bakr al-Khallal lived in the III. the century that was a</p><p>period of time when conflicts were increased among Muslims, the culture of criticism</p><p>developed in this context, and the books were written in the same directions. Mostly, the</p><p>books which are written by the people of hadith and written with the aim of defending the</p><p>sound of Islam against the innovators are known as Sunna. In such works, return to the</p><p>origin of the religion; It is emphasized that it is possible by clinging to the Sunnah of the</p><p>Messenger of Allah and by sticking to the views of the Messenger’s Companions, Tâbiîn and</p><p>tebeu't-tâbiîn who transfer this sunnah to the next generations. Kitâbu's-Sunna, which was</p><p>written by Ebû Bekir el-Khallal, forms the basis of our study, and it is very valuable in terms</p><p>of compiling Ahmed b. Hanbel's words and shedding light on the issues of the century in</p><p>which it was written. In the Kitâbu's-Sunna, sects such as Kharijite, Murjie, Muʻtazila,</p><p>Jahmiyya and Shia were handled in a narration-centered manner, the views of people such as</p><p>Maʻbed al-Juhenî (d. 83/702), Jâʻd b. Dirham (d. 124/742), Jehm b. Safwan (d. 128/745), Ebû</p><p>Hanîfa (d. 150/767), Dırar b. Amr (d. 200/815), Abu Bakr Abdurrahman b. Keysan al-Esamm</p><p>(d. 200/816), Bishr al-Merîsî (d. 218/833), Abu Duʻâd (d. 240/854) and Karâbîsî (d.</p><p>248/862) on some issues are included. In addition, political events such as the Qurayshism</p><p>of the caliphate, obedience to the head of the state, the order of virtue and caliphate among</p><p>the companions, and the cases of Jamel and Siffin were also mentioned. Abu Bakr al-Khallal</p><p>gave general information about the sects that he accepted as bid'at, and showed how distant</p><p>one should be when establishing relations with them, as required by the intellectual</p><p>infrastructure of his sect. For example, he stated that the Kharijites were not liked by Ahmed</p><p>b. Hanbal and his followers, and it is not permissible to pray behind a Murjii imam, how</p><p>worthy of takfir is the Qadariyye, and there is no more violent group than the Jahmiyya at the</p><p>point of walking against them with the sword, and the Shia are in the same position as the</p><p>Jews. Abu Bakr al-Khallal also includes the persons whose names are mentioned above; he</p><p>was harshly criticized for his attitudes on issues such as the Qur'an, destiny, and Allah's</p><p>attributes. When the political attitude in his work is examined, Abu Bakr al-Khallal tries to</p><p>prove that the caliphs must be from the Quraysh tribe. However, he emphasizes that</p><p>obedience to the head of state is an obligation for all Muslims. Abu Bakr al-Khallal also</p><p>mentioned the virtue of Muawiya b. Ebî Sufyan (d. 60/680). He states that it is not</p><p>permissible to have bad feelings towards the Prophet (pbuh) because of his kindship. Khallal</p><p>advocated that it is not appropriate to talk about the situation of the Companions and about</p><p>the results of the wars of Jamal and Siffin, and this issue should be leaved to the will of Allah.</p><p>The aim of the study is to evaluate the issues mentioned in Abu Bakr al-Khallal's work by</p><p>revealing. For this reason, after giving a brief information about Abu Bakr al-Khallal's life and</p><p>Kitâbu's-Sunna, it will be examined Khallal's opinions about the sects that are criticized in</p><p>Kitâbu's-Sunna and their notable representants will also be discussed. Following these</p><p>topics, Khallal's view on some events that took place among the Companions will be</p><p>evaluated.</p> |
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