The paper focuses on investigating the active/buried faults in inner and inner-east Anatolia, Turkey based on aeromagnetic data and comparison with the active fault map. This region includes the major tectonic units of Turkey and the largest basins of Turkey (Tuzgölü Basin (TB) and Sivas Basin (SB)). Thus, the region deserves a detail investigation to delineate the lineaments of the active/buried fault system or the causative sources located in the upper crust. To this end, the region has been divided into two parts as region-1 and 2 including TB and SB, respectively. In this context, the geophysical data processing techniques including power spectrum analysis, high-pass filter, and second vertical derivative method (SVD) have been applied to the aeromagnetic data of the both regions. Firstly, by utilizing power spectrum analysis, the average depths of the deep and shallow causative sources in the region-1 have been calculated as 11.37 km and 5.01 km whereas those depths are 8.5 km and 3.24 km for region-2. Afterwards, to enhance the responses of the residual anomalies, the high-pass filter and the SVD method have been applied to the data. Hereby, these potential lineaments produced from the SVD map have been compared with the active fault map to delineate the uncovering buried faults and their lineaments in the region. Contrary to the discussion in the literature, this study revealed for the first time that the Tuzgölü fault zone located in the eastern part of lake does not merge with the Ecemis fault (EF) zone. Furthermore, the study has shown that this fault zone extended from Kayseri city to Sivas city does not junction with North Anatolian Fault Zone in the north, as well.