Root shaped screw type dental implants are damaged depending on their mechanical and electrochemical properties as a results of alternating force and excessive exposure time with living tissue in usage period. In these implant systems the possibility of failure is increased with synergistic effects of combined failure mechanisms like corrosion, wear, fatigue and tribocorrosion, it may even lead to adverse tissue reactions like irritation and failed implantations. In fact, the success of implantation is related to connection between living tissue and implant interface that is mechanical osseointegration. The occurring problems following osteointegration are the interaction between implant parts, properties of materials that are used in design and problems that associated with the prosthesis. The appearances of such problems are greatly relevant to performance of dental implant under variable load conditions. The main mechanical properties of used materials like strength, toughness and
Root shaped screw type dental implants are damaged depending ontheir mechanical and electrochemical properties as a results of alternating forceand excessive exposure time with living tissue in usage period. In these implantsystems the possibility of failure is increased with synergistic effects ofcombined failure mechanisms like corrosion, wear, fatigue and tribocorrosion,it may even lead to adverse tissue reactions like irritation and failedimplantations. In fact, the success of implantation is related to connectionbetween living tissue and implant interface that is mechanical osseointegration.The occurring problems following osteointegration are the interaction betweenimplant parts, properties of materials that are used in design and problems thatassociated with the prosthesis. The appearances of such problems are greatlyrelevant to performance of dental implant under variable load conditions. Themain mechanical properties of used materials like strength, toughness and fatigue properties determine the aforementioned performance of implants.Therefore, improvement of these properties without compromisingbiocompatibility is extremely substantial. In this study, fatigue failure damagesand reasons for different size and shaped dental implants were analyzed anddiscussed. Investigations showed that the damage of dental implants in variableload conditions are related to design and strength of implant materials. Theusability of more recently developed severe plastic deformation techniques thatoffer increased strength and Ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructure forimplant materials are investigated. From the view of performance andmicrostructural properties was presented that these techniques can ensuresignificant improvement on currently used titanium and its alloys and can beutilized on dental implant applications.