Objective: Infection with Helicobacter pylori, which induces persistent and uncontrolled gastric inflammation leading to decreased appetite, might be protective against obesity. There is a close relationship between interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and nutritional parameters, confirming the role of IDWG as a marker of calorie and protein intake in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Hypothesis of the present study was that infection with H pylori in subjects with uremia might cause inflammation, diminished appetite, anorexia, and decreased IDWG.