Infection after total knee arthroplasty is a severe complication and is associated with high morbidity. We describe a case of a brucellosis infection of the knee joint, four years after cemented total knee prosthesis application. Treatment strategies of antimicrobial chemotherapy with or without initial excisional arthroplasty are recommended in the literature. After diagnostic arthroscopy and wash-out with synovectomy, we initiated doxycycline and rifampicin combination therapy without an initial excisional arthroplasty, in this case. This treatment strategy can be another option before performing a major surgery which may affect the patient's quality of life.