The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate (1) the direct effects of perceived organizational support and role overload on work-family conflict and (2) the mediating role of role overload in the relationship between perceived organizational support and work-family conflict using a Turkish sample. The hypotheses were tested with a sample of 344 employees from small and medium-sized enterprises in Turkey. The results demonstrated that perceived organizational support was negatively related to both family to work conflict and work to family conflict of the employees. Role overload was also positively related to both family to work conflict and work to family conflict. In addition, the results indicated that role overload did not have a mediating role between perceived organizational support and work-family conflict.