Dental amalgam is one of the most adapted ceramic material which is used in dentistry. On the other hand, they are candidate materials for ionizing radiation exposure during the diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. This study is focused on determination of some vital material and physical parameters of dental amalgam composites. The elementary test of the dental amalgam composites have performed using SEM and EDS. On the other hand some significant photon interaction parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients (mu/rho), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron density (Nel), energy build up factor (EBF), exposure the factor (EABF) of investigated materials have been determined. The last composition encoded DA5 has obtained with a smooth surface with some small agglomeration. The results showed that DA5 sample has the smallest EABF and EBF values, while DA1 and DA2 own the largest ones. This means that the DA5 sample is more effective than other samples in terms of absorbing gamma radiation.