Conductive homopolymers and composites of poly(2-chloroaniline) (P2ClAn) and polyfuran (PFu) were synthesized chemically in hydrous and anhydrous media, and their properties were investigated. The polymers and composites were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity measurements. It was found that the PFu/P2ClAn composite is thermally more stable than both the P2ClAn/PFu composite and the homopolymers. It was determined from Gouy scale measurements that conducting mechanisms of homopolymers and composites are polaron and bipolaron in nature. It was observed that the conductivity and magnetic susceptibility values changed with a changing amount of the guest polymer in the prepared composites. The conductivity (3.21 X 10(-2) S/cm) of the P2ClAn/PFu (55.8% m/m) composite was found to be higher than the conductivities of both homopolymers (sigma(PFu) = 1.44 X 10(-5) S/cm; sigma(P2ClAn) = 1.32 X 10(-3) S/cm). It was determined that the composites synthesized had different conductivities and morphological and thermal properties from changing synthesis order. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.