This paper deals with an computational modeling and exergetic evaluation of a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) according to various refrigerants for system analysis and performance optimization. As numerical exemplification of the study, the VCRS is considered for a comparative analysis of the condenser, evaporator and reference state temperature impacts on the exergetic performance of the system with refrigerants. The results obtained for only R134a show that the exergy efficiency of the VCRS is 63.59 %, and the greatest exergy destruction occurs in the compressor, followed by the expansion valve, condenser, evaporator and superheating coil. In all the refrigerant, the highest exergy efficiency of compresor is R600a, and that of the evaporator and condenser is R404a. R600a has the highest total exergy efficiency and then R134a. Finally, the exergy efficiency increases with increasing the evaporator or reference state temperatures whereas it decreases with the increase in the condenser temperature.