<p>Abstract:</p><p>INTRODUCTION: Migraine is a very common disorder and the mechanisms contributing to headache</p><p>still remain controversial. Allopregnanolone (AP) is a neurosteroid metabolite of progesterone.</p><p>Previously, there were some studies of AP on the positive effects of many diseases.</p><p>OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate AP levels in patients with migraine and compare</p><p>with levels measured in healthy individuals.</p><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case–control study included fifty patients with acute migraine</p><p>headache who were previously diagnosed with migraine and fifty sex‑ and age‑matched healthy</p><p>volunteers with no headache complaints. Migraine patients who fulfilled the International Headache</p><p>Classification criteria of migraine and healthy controls were included in this study. Plasma AP levels</p><p>were compared in both groups.</p><p>RESULTS: Fifty patients (35 females and 15 males) and fifty healthy volunteers (38 females and</p><p>12 males) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. AP levels of migraine patients</p><p>and control group were compared; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups</p><p>(1.22 ± 1.92, 6.07 ± 4.89, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). AP levels were significantly higher in healthy people.</p><p>CONCLUSION: This study showed that low AP levels were detected in migraine patients. These</p><p>markers may contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine.</p><p>Keywords:</p><p>Allopregnanolone, headache, migraine</p><p>Introduction</p><p>Migraine is a widespread disease in</p><p>emergency departments (ED), which</p><p>is characterized by unilateral, throbbing</p><p>headaches with moderate or severe intensity,</p><p>and can affect the quality of life. Nausea,</p><p>vomiting, anorexia, and lightheadedness</p><p>are some of the most common associated</p><p>signs and symptoms.[1,2] It is the third to</p><p>most common disorder with a worldwide</p><p>prevalence of 14.7%.[3‑5] Because of its</p><p>high prevalence and destructive nature,</p><p>the mechanisms contributing to migraine</p><p>headaches have been extensively studied</p><p>for</p>